Define thermodynamics property ( Class 11th)
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Answers
Thermodynamical System
An assembly of an extremely large number of particles whose state can be expressed in terms of pressure, volume and temperature, is called thermodynamic system.
Thermodynamic system is classified into the following three systems
(i) Open System It exchange both energy and matter with surrounding.
(ii) Closed System It exchanges only energy (not matter) with surroundings.
(iii) Isolated System It exchanges neither energy nor matter with the surrounding.
A thermodynamic system is not always in equilibrium. For example, a gas allowed to expand freely against vacuum. Similary, a mixture of petrol vapour and air, when ignited by a spark is not an equilibrium state. Equilibrium is acquired eventually with time.
Thermodynamic Parameters or Coordinates or Variables
The state of thermodynamic system can be described by specifying pressure, volume, temperature, internal energy and number of moles, etc. These are called thermodynamic parameters or coordinates or variables.
Work done by a thermodynamic system is given by
W = p * ΔV
where p = pressure and ΔV = change in volume.
Work done by a thermodynamic system is equal to the area enclosed between the p-V curve and the volume axis
Refer The Image ⤴️⤴️
Work done in process A-B = area ABCDA
Work done by a thermodynamic system depends not only upon the initial and final states of the system but also depend upon the path followed in the process.
Work done by the Thermodynamic System is taken as
Positive → 4 as volume increases.
Negative → 4 as volume decreases.
Internal Energy (U)
The total energy possessed by any system due to molecular motion and molecular configuration, is called its internal energy.
Internal energy of a thermodynamic system depends on temperature. It is the characteristic property of the state of the system.
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Answer:
Thermodynamical System
An assembly of an extremely large number of particles whose state can be expressed in terms of pressure, volume and temperature, is called thermodynamic system.
Thermodynamic system is classified into the following three systems
(i) Open System It exchange both energy and matter with surrounding.
(ii) Closed System It exchanges only energy (not matter) with surroundings.
(iii) Isolated System It exchanges neither energy nor matter with the surrounding.
A thermodynamic system is not always in equilibrium. For example, a gas allowed to expand freely against vacuum. Similary, a mixture of petrol vapour and air, when ignited by a spark is not an equilibrium state. Equilibrium is acquired eventually with time.
Thermodynamic Parameters or Coordinates or Variables
The state of thermodynamic system can be described by specifying pressure, volume, temperature, internal energy and number of moles, etc. These are called thermodynamic parameters or coordinates or variables.
Work done by a thermodynamic system is given by
W = p * ΔV
where p = pressure and ΔV = change in volume.
Work done by a thermodynamic system is equal to the area enclosed between the p-V curve and the volume axis
Refer The Image ⤴️
Work done in process A-B = area ABCDA
Work done by a thermodynamic system depends not only upon the initial and final states of the system but also depend upon the path followed in the process.
Work done by the Thermodynamic System is taken as
Positive → 4 as volume increases.
Negative → 4 as volume decreases.
Internal Energy (U)
The total energy possessed by any system due to molecular motion and molecular configuration, is called its internal energy.
Internal energy of a thermodynamic system depends on temperature. It is the characteristic property of the state of the system.
