define uniform circular motion
Answers
Answer:
In physics, circular motion is a movement of an object along the circumference of a circle or rotation along a circular path. It can be uniform, with constant angular rate of rotation and constant speed, or non-uniform with a changing rate of rotation.
Uniform circular motion can be described as the motion of an object in a circle at a constant speed. As an object moves in a circle, it is constantly changing its direction. At all instances, the object is moving tangent to the circle.
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Answer:
What is Uniform Circular Motion?
The movement of a body following a circular path is called a circular motion. Now, the motion of a body moving with constant speed along a circular path is called Uniform Circular Motion. Here, the speed is constant but the velocity changes.
uniform circular motion
If a particle is moving in a circle, it must have some acceleration acting towards the centre which is making it move around the centre. Since this acceleration is perpendicular to the velocity of a particle at every instant, it is only changing the direction of velocity and not magnitude and that’s why the motion is uniform circular motion. We call this acceleration centripetal acceleration (or radial acceleration), and the force acting towards the centre is called centripetal force.
In the case of uniform circular motion, the acceleration is:
ar = v2r = ω2r
If the mass of the particle is m, we can say from the second law of motion that:
F = ma
mv2r= mω2r
This is not a special force, actually force like tension or friction may be a cause of origination of centripetal force. When the vehicles turn on the roads, it is the frictional force between tyres and ground which provides the required centripetal force for turning.
So if a particle is moving in a uniform circular motion:
1) Its speed is constant
2) Velocity is changing at every instant
3) There is no tangential acceleration
4) Radial (centripetal) acceleration = ω2r
5) v=ωr
In case of non-uniform circular motion, there is some tangential acceleration due to which the speed of particle increases or decreases. The resultant acceleration is the vector sum of radial acceleration and tangential acceleration.