Define valency by taking example of sodium and chlorine
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the gaining and lossing of valence electron to fulfil octet or duplet known as valency.ex-na-2 chlorine-1
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Valency can be defined as the number of electrons present in outermost or valence shell
In case of sodium...
Electronic configuration is 2, 8, 1
Hence the outermost shell contains 1 electron and so its valency is 1+.
In case of chlorine...
Electronic configuration is 2, 8, 7.
Hence the valence shell contains 7 electrons and needs 1 more electron to attain the noble gas configuration and so its valency is 1-
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