Define valency. How is it calculated? Explain the formation of two ionic compounds
and two covalent compounds on the basis of valency.
Answers
Answer:
Valency is defined as the combining capacity of an atom or a molecule. There are different ways to determine the valency of a given atom and they are:
Octet rule: According to the octet rule, a compound is said to be stable when the outermost shell of the compound is having eight electrons. If the number of electrons in the outer shell is between one to four, the compound is said to have positive valency. For compounds with electrons four, five, six, or seven, the valency is determined by subtracting the electron from eight. All noble gases except for Helium have eight electrons.
Periodic table: Periodic table consists of elements that are arranged in such a way that, the valency of a given element can be determined. Metals in column 1 have a valency of +1 while the noble gases in column 18 have a valency of 0 and are inert.
Valency from the chemical formula: This rule is based on the octet rule and by observing the combining of an element, the valency can be determined.
Therefore, these are the ways or methods that are used for calculating the valency.
Ionic bond, also called electrovalent bond, type of linkage formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a chemical compound. ... The atom that loses the electrons becomes a positively charged ion (cation), while the one that gains them becomes a negatively charged ion (anion).
A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. These electron pairs are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs, and the stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms, when they share electrons, is known as covalent bonding.[1] For many molecules, the sharing of electrons allows each atom to attain the equivalent of a full outer shell, corresponding to a stable electronic configuration. In organic chemistry, covalent bonds are much more common than ionic bonds.
Answer:
The valency of an element may be defined as the combining capacities of elements. The electrons present in the outermost shell are called valence electrons and these electrons determine the valency of the atom.
Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms. It is a type of chemical bond that generates two oppositely charged ions. In ionic bonds, the metal loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, whereas the nonmetal accepts those electrons to become a negatively charged anion.
However, the carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms can bond to more than one atom. The number of covalent bonds an atom can form is called the valence of the atom. The valence of a given atom is the same in most stable neutral organic compounds.
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