define western cyclonic disturbances and tropical cyclones
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western cyclonic disturbances and tropical cyclones.
Tropical cyclones, the most destructive of nature’s phenomena, are known to form over all tropical oceans, except the South Atlantic and the South Pacific, during certain seasons. These cyclones have a thermal origin. They are believed to form in the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ).
Tropical cyclones over the Bay of Bengal occur in two distinct seasons, the pre-monsoon months of April-May and the post-monsoon months of October-November. On an average, in fact, almost half a dozen tropical cyclones form in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea every year, out of which two or three may be severe. Out of these, the stormiest months are May, June, October and November. Compared to the pre-monsoon season of May-June, when severe storms are rare, the months of October and November are known for severe cyclones.
Western disturbances occur during the cold, dry season. The weather is fine with clear skies, low temperatures and humidity, cool breeze and rainless days. However, these fine weather conditions at intervals get disturbed by shallow cyclonic depressions. These depressions—also known as western disturbances—originate over the east Mediterranean Sea and travel eastwards across West Asia, Iran-Afghanistan and Pakistan before they reach the north-western parts of India. On their way, they pick up moisture from the Caspian Sea in the north and the Persian Gulf in the South.
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Western cyclonic disturbances and tropical cyclones:
Western disturbance is induced by the westerlies, whilst tropical Cyclones are triggered by low-pressure currents of heavy wind that arise through or near large water bodies.
Throughout northern and north-western India, winter cyclonic disruptions are felt. These are triggered by west winds that move between 300 and 600 latitudes from west to east. These often happen as tropical cyclones in the Mediterranean Sea.
A Western Storm is an extratropical storm from the Mediterranean area that leads to the southern Indian Subcontinent with the rain of the winter. The precipitation trend is non-monsoonal, powered by the westward areas. A tropical cyclone is a quick- swirling network of storms with a low-pressures core, a shutdown air stream with strong winds and a circular pattern of heavy rain and squalls generated by thunderstorms.