Question

Definition concept of elasticity in strength of material

Answer 1

Strength of materials, also calledmechanics of materials, is a subject which deals with the behavior of solid objects subject to stresses and strains. The complete theory began with the consideration of the behavior of one and two dimensional members of structures, whose states of stress can be approximated as two dimensional, and was then generalized to three dimensions to develop a more complete theory of the elastic and plastic behavior of materials. An important founding pioneer in mechanics of materials was Stephen Timoshenko.

The study of strength of materials often refers to various methods of calculating the stresses and strains in structural members, such as beams, columns, and shafts. The methods employed to predict the response of a structure under loading and its susceptibility to various failure modes takes into account the properties of the materials such as its yield strength, ultimate strength, Young's modulus, andPoisson's ratio; in addition the mechanical element's macroscopic properties (geometric properties), such as its length, width, thickness, boundary constraints and abrupt changes in geometry such as holes are considered.

Answer 2

Elasticity is the way a material initially responds when it is subjected to stresses. Elasticity refers to the material's ability to deform in a non-permanent way, meaning that when the stress load is removed from the material it will recover its original form. A material will continue to deform elastically as the stress upon it increases until the elastic limit is reached. The elastic limit can be found on stress-strain diagrams for all materials, and the limit varies by the material. For instance, steel experiences far less stress before reaching the elastic limit than rubber does. Engineers need to refer to stress-strain diagrams, because engineering design usually stays within the limitations of the elastic stresses.