definition of Badland topography
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Answer:
Badlands are a type of dry terrain where softer sedimentary rocks and clay-rich soils have been extensively eroded by wind and water. They are characterized by steep slopes, minimal vegetation, lack of a substantial regolith, and high drainage density.
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Answer:
What Are Badlands?
Badlands are some of the most beautiful examples of naturally occurring, erosion-shaped terrains on earth. They are simply clay soils in dry areas that have been eroded to a significant degree, so as to form their iconic shapes and topographies.
Formation
The creation of badlands began around 65 million years ago when the upwelling of land forced the sea waters to recede, resulting in dry seabeds. The dry seabeds trapped underneath their substrates many marine animals that later fossilized. After a period of time, the climate became warmer and more humid, allowing low vegetation to grow on higher grounds. More plants and trees colonized these areas, turning them into jungles. Then floods, carrying volcanic ash, sand, and mud, covered these areas. Successive layers began covering the lower layers of sediments until they became compacted and turned into soft rock, creating extensive areas. Rain, floods, and wind started eroding the rocks and hills to form ravines, buttes, mesas, canyons, gullies, and hoodoos. The exposed layers created an alternate display of colors from black to red to brightly-hued clay.
Geographic Distribution
There are many badlands to be found around the world today. New Zealand has the Putangirua Pinnacles on its North Island, Italy has the Calanchi in Basilicata, Spain has the Bardenas Reales in Navarre and the Tabernas Desert in Almeria, Argentina has the Valle de la Luna in its midwestern regions, and Taiwan has the Gutingkeng Formation in its south, just to name a few. Badlands vary in their respective topographies and rock formations, but the most famous ones are located in the United States and Canada.
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