definition of ecosystem
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Ecosystem refers to a system that includes all living organisms ( Biotic factors) such as plants, animals, microorganisms etc in a habitat as well as its physical environment ( Abiotic factors) such as weather, soil, earth, sun, climate, rocks minerals etc, functioning together as a unit
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✠ Ecosystem can be defined as a community or a group of living organisms which are living in a specific environment and interacting with each other. In other words, Ecosystem is a self regulatory group of biotic as well as abiotic components on an environment interacting with each other by exchanging energy and matter.
- ➺ The term "Ecosystem" was first used by A. G. Tansley in the year 1935.
- ➺ According to A. G. Tansley, "Ecosystem is a particular category of physical systems, consisting of organisms and inorganic components in a relatively stable equilibrium, open and of various sizes and kinds"
- ➺ There are mainly two components of an Ecosystem. These are :- (a) Biotic Component and (b) Abiotic Component.
Some definitions of "Ecosystem" by some ecologists are as follows :-
- ✎ According to American botanist, F. R. Fosberg, "Ecosystem is a functioning, interacting system composed of one or more living organisms and their effective environment, both physical and biological".
- ✎ According to R. L. Lindeman, "Ecosystem applies to any system composed of physical - chemical - biological processes, within a space-time unit of any magnitude".
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