Question

Definition of health education of different authors

Answer 1

Health education initiatives were eligible if they represented stand-alone interventions or were part of wider health promotion programmes. Health education programmes were defined according to WHO (1998) and had to be any planned activity or set of activities aimed at increasing health literacy and developing life skills conducing to health (e.g. decision making, problem solving, critical thinking, interpersonal skills, stress management, coping with emotions). The content of such programmes could comprise counseling, teaching, training or other educational processes such as guided group discussions or behavioural modification strategies (Zhu, Ho, & Wong, 2013). Such programmes could be part of or separate from the formal curriculum, yet taking place in a formal education music institution (college, high-school, conservatoire or university, not clinics) incorporating any relevant health-related content (focusing on psychological and/or physical issues), multi-component or formed of a single session, of any frequency and/or length and provided via any delivery method (i.e. face-to-face, via telephone or internet). Only studies focusing on universal preventative interventions were included (i.e. ‘a measure that is desirable for everybody in the eligible population’ [Mrazek & Haggerty, 1994]).
Now, according to this definition, health education (unlike health promotion) should be aimed primarily at outcomes such as increasing knowledge and/or awareness, changing attitudes, beliefs, perceived responsibility, self-efficacy, as well as training relevant skills/abilities such as critical thinking, decision-making or problem-solving. It should not necessarily or on its own be aimed, at changing actual health-related outcomes such as reducing risk of injury or lowering depression/anxiety - for such outcomes, we are talking about health promotion (which incorporates health education but goes beyond it, also encompassing changing the broader environment and ensuring relevant services are in place). However, many authors use health promotion when they only mean health education.

Answer 2

Definition of health education of different authors are as follows:

Explanation:

• Lawrence Green describes health education as a combination of learning experiences that are combined to facilitate the voluntary actions related to health.
• WHO defines health education as the process of providing the information and suggestion related to the healthy lifestyle. The WHO provides the health literacy by improving the knowledge related to health, development of skills of life related to health at the individual and community levels.

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