definition of nitrification and Ammonification in easy language
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Nitrification:
Nitrification is the biological oxidation of ammonia to nitrite followed by the oxidation of the nitrite to nitrate.[1] The transformation of ammonia to nitrite is usually the rate limiting step of nitrification. Nitrification is an important step in the nitrogen cycle in soil. Nitrification is an aerobic process performed by small groups of autotrophic bacteria and archaea. This process was discovered by the Russian microbiologist Sergei Winogradsky.
Ammonification:
Ammonification is the process by which the organically bound nitrogen of microbial, plant, and animal biomass is recycled after their death. Ammonification is carried out by a diverse array of microorganisms that perform ecological decay services, and its product is ammonia or ammonium ion. Ammonium is a suitable source of nutrition for many species of plants, especially those living in acidic soils. However, most plants cannot utilize ammonium effectively, and they require nitrate as their essential source of nitrogen nutrition.
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Nitrification is conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds of nitrates and nitrites
Ammonification is conversion of nitrates and nitrites into ammonia