Question

Definition, types, characterization of biofertiliser

Answer 1

A biofertilizer is a substance which contains living microorganisms which, when applied to seeds, plant surfaces, or soil, colonize the rhizosphere or the interior of the plant and promotes growth.
symbiotic nitrogen fixers, Rhizobium spp.;non-symbiotic, free-living nitrogen fixers (Azotobacter, Azospirillum, etc.);algal biofertilizers (blue-green algae or blue-green algae in association with Azolla);phosphate- solubilising bacteria;mycorrhizae;organic fertilizers.
example:Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirillum and blue green algae(BGA) have been traditionally used as Biofertilizers. Rhizobiuminoculant is used for leguminous crops such as pulses. Azotobacter can be used with crops like wheat, maize, mustard, cotton, potato and other vegetable crops.

Answer 2

Types and Characterization of Bio-Fertiliser:

• Bio fertilizers can be defined as living organisms which is used to increase the nutrient quality in the soil.

• The utilization of microbes is better in comparison to the use of the chemicals to increase the quality of the soil.

• Bio-fertilizers are also less harmful and not cause any type of pollution.

• Nitrogen fixation is the process which is followed by the bacteria in the form of bio-fertilizers.

There are three types of bio-fertilizers,

• Bacteria  

• Fungi  

• Cynobacteria