Derive an expression for equivalent resistance when two resistors R1 and R2 are connected in parallel
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- In parallel connections, it is observed that the total current I, is equal to the sum of the separate currents through each branch of the combination. ie., total I = I1 + I2 + I3
- Let Rp be the equivalent resistance of the parallel combination of resistors.
- By applying Ohm's law to the parallel combination of resistors, we have
I = V/Rp (Equation 1)
- On applying Ohm's law to each resistor, we have I1 = V/R1 ; I2 = V/R2; and I3 + V/R3 (Equation 2)
- From eqns.1 and2 we have V/Rp = V/R1 + V/R2 + V/R3 or 1/Rp = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3
Thus, we may conclude that the reciprocal of the equivalent resistance of a group of resistances joined in parallel is equal to the sum of the reciprocals of the individuals resistances.
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Explanation:
- In parallel combination of resistor, electric current through each and every resistor divides while the voltage across each resistor remains the same.
- The electric current through each resistor is given by :
- Let the equivalent resistance is given by :
- Total current through the circuit is given by :
So, the above formula is the required formula for equivalent resistance of resistors.
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Equivalent combination
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