Question

Derive an expression for orbital velocity of a planet in terms of gravitational constant ,radius of the object and mass of the sun​

Answer 1

Answer:

Due to the inertia of the moving body, the body has a tendency to move on in a straight line. But, the gravitational force tends to pull it down. The orbital path, thus elliptical or circular in nature, represents a balance between gravity and inertia. Orbital velocity is the velocity needed to achieve a balance between gravity’s pull on the body and the inertia of the body’s motion. For a satellite revolving around the Earth, the orbital velocity of the satellite depends on its altitude above Earth. The nearer it is to the Earth, the faster the required orbital velocity.

A satellite runs into traces of Earth’s atmosphere, at lower altitudes, which creates drag. This drag causes decay the orbit, eventually making the satellite to fall back into the atmosphere and burn itself up.

Derivation of Orbital Velocity

To derive the orbital velocity, we concern ourselves with the following two concepts:

Gravitational Force

Centripetal Force

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