derive an expression for potential energy of an electric dipole in a uniform electric field
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Potential energy of dipole in uniform electric field.
τ
=
p
×
E
work done in rotating dipole by small angle
dw=τdθ
=−pεsinθdθ
The change in potential energy
dU=−dW=pEsinθdθ
If θ→90
o
to θ
o
U(θ)−U(90
o
)=∫
90
o
0
o
Pεsinθdθ
=Pε[−cosθ]
90
0
=−
P
.
E
So
U(θ)=−
P
.
E
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