Question

Derive an expression for the force of attraction between two bodies and then define
gravitational constant. (5)​

Answer 1

Answer:

“Every body in the universe attracts every other body with a force which is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.” Let us consider two bodies A and B of masses m1 and m2 which are separated by a distance r. Then the force of gravitation (F) acting on the two bodies is given by

( See the attached image )

Thus, the gravitational constant G is numerically equal to the force of gravitation which exists between two bodies of unit masses kept at a unit distance from each other.

Answer 2

Answer:

The force of attraction between two bodies

There is a certain amount of amount that is act between the two objects or body which are placed a distance and exerts some forces forces between then whether it is attractive or repulsive in nature.

Force is directly proportional to both of the mases

$F \propto m_{1} m_{2}$    Equation 1

Force is inversely proportional to the square of the radius

$F \propto \frac{1}{r^{2} }$      Equation 2

By substituting both equations we get

$F =\frac{G m_{1} m_{2}}{r^{2} }$  here, G is universal gravitational constant

here the value for G is $6.6.7 \times 10^{-11} N.m^{2} /kg^{2}$

Gravitational constant is defined as to calculate  the gravitational effects on the body. The gravitational force between two bodies with the product of their masses and the inverse square of their distance.