Question

Derive first and second equation of motion

Answer 1

1) First equation of Motion:

V = u + at
soln.
Consider a body of mass “m” having initial velocity “u”.Let after time “t” its final velocity becomes “v” due to uniform acceleration “a”.

Now we know that:
Acceleration = change in velocity/Time taken

=> Acceleration = Final velocity-Initial velocity / time taken

=> a = v-u /t
=>at = v-u

or v = u + at
This is the first equation of motion.
—————————————-
(2) Second equation of motion:
s = ut + 1/2 at^2

sol.
Let the distance travelled by the body be “s”.
We know that
Distance = Average velocity X Time

Also, Average velocity = (u+v)/2

.: Distance (t) = (u+v)/2 X t …….eq.(1)

Again we know that:
v = u + at
substituting this value of “v” in eq.(2), we get

s = (u+u+at)/2 x t
=>s = (2u+at)/2 X t
=>s = (2ut+at^2)/2
=>s = 2ut/2 + at^2/2

or s = ut +1/2 at^2

This is the 2nd equation of motion.

Answer 2

first equation - a body will remain in its own position untill some external unbalanced force is applied on it
second equation - the linear momentum of a body is directly proportional to the external force applied