Describe a simple experiment to
show that light travels in straight
lines
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→Shadows are evidence of light travelling in straight lines. An object blocks light so that it can't reach the surface where we see the shadow. Light fills up all of the space before it hits the object, but the whole region between the object and the surface is in shadow.
→Experiment: Take three cardboard squares of equal size. Locate the centre of each pieces of cardboard by drawing the diagonals. With the help of a nail, make a hole at the centre of each cardboard. Now fix the three card boards on plasticine or on stands so that they remain upright. Arrange the three card boards A, B and C, one behind the other such that their centres are in the same horizontal line. You can pass a knitting needle through the holes to confirm if they are in a straight line .Now place a burning candle in front of the board C and look through the pinhole in board A. The flame will be clearly visible. This shows that light travels in a straight line. Now, move board B slightly and again look through the pinhole in board A as shown in the figure. You will not be able to see the flame. This shows that light does not travel in a zig-zag way.
By this experiment, we can conclude that light travels in a straight line. This property of light is called rectilinear propagation of light.
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You can pass a knitting needle through the holes to confirm if they are in a straight line. Now place a burning candle in front of the board C and look through the pinhole in board A. The flame will be clearly visible. This shows that light travels in a straight line.
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