Describe about human circulatory system and human an respiratory system
Answers
HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
The circulatory system consists of three independent systems that work together: the heart (cardiovascular), lungs (pulmonary), and arteries, veins, coronary and portal vessels (systemic). The system is responsible for the flow of blood, nutrients, oxygen and other gases, and as well as hormones to and from cells.
The heart is a muscular organ with four chambers. Located just behind and slightly left of the breastbone, it pumps blood through the network of arteries and veins called the cardiovas- cular system.
The systemic circulation is a major portion of the circulatory system. The network of veins, arteries and blood vessels transports oxygenated blood from the heart, delivers oxygen and nutrients to the body's cells and then returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart through the body. Veins carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.
The superior vena cava carries oxygen-poor blood into the heart. The aorta carries oxygenated blood from the heart to organs and tissues.
HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
The human respiratory system is a series of organs responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide. The primary organs of the respiratory system are lungs, which carry out this exchange of gases as we breathe.
As we breathe, oxygen enters the nose or mouth and passes the sinuses, which are hollow spaces in the skull. Sinuses help regulate the temperature and humidity of the air we breathe.
The trachea, also called the windpipe, filters the air that is inhaled. It branches into the bronchi, which are two tubes that carry air into each lung. (Each one is called a bronchus.) The bronchial tubes are lined with tiny hairs called cilia. Cilia move back and forth, carrying mucus up and out. Mucus, a sticky fluid, collects dust, germs and other matter that has invaded the lungs. We expel mucus when we sneeze, cough, spit or swallow.
The bronchial tubes lead to the lobes of the lungs. The right lung has three lobes; the left lung has two. The left lung is smaller to allow room for the heart.
The diaphragm, a dome-shaped muscle at the bottom of the lungs, controls breathing and separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. When a breath it taken, it flattens out and pulls forward, making more space for the lungs. During exhalation, the diaphragm expands and forces air out.
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Human Circulatory system
A system that circulates every necessary element in the body. In order to circulate necessary components, we require a messenger and messenger requires a pathway to support. Moreover, the human circulatory system works on this principle.
Heart
The muscular organ which is located near the chest slightly towards the left in the thoracic region. It is the very crucial organ of our body which works continuously throughout our life. The human heart is divided into four chambers which are involved in the transportation of oxygenated blood and deoxygenated The upper two chambers are called as atria whereas the lower two chambers are called as ventricles.
Heart
The human circulatory system is more advanced than that of other animals like fish, reptiles, etc. In the human body, blood circulates through the heart twice. Hence, circulation in human beings is called double circulation.
Circulation of Blood
Blood Circulation by Human Circulatory System
Circulation of blood in humans takes places as shown below:
Blood circulation - Human circulatory system
Double circulation
Blood
The fluid connective tissue which plays a vital role in circulating food, hormones, water, air and other necessary products to different parts of the body. Blood flows through a specified set of pathways called blood vessels. The organ which is involved in pumping blood to different body parts is the heart. Blood cells, blood plasma, proteins, and salts together constitute the human blood. The composition of blood are:
Plasma, the fluid part of the blood that is composed of 90% of water.
Blood cells, the solid part of blood.
There are three types of blood cells.
Red blood cells (RBC) / Erythrocytes: They are mainly involved in transporting oxygen, food, and other substances to various parts of the body. These blood cells also function by, removing the waste from the body.
White blood cells (WBC) / Leukocytes: They are specialized in defense. They fight against foreign particles entering the body.
Platelets /Thrombocytes: Platelets help in clotting of blood at the time of wound or cut.
Blood Vessels
Blood vessels are the pathways through which the blood travels from one part to different parts of the body. Arteries and veins are two types of blood vessels in the circulatory system of the body.
Arteries are the blood vessels that transport oxygenated blood from the heart to various parts of the body. They are thick, elastic and are divided into a small network of blood vessels called capillaries.
Veins are the blood vessels, a carrier deoxygenated blood towards the heart from various parts of the body for purification. They are thin, elastic and are present closer to the surface of the skin.
Lymph
The human circulatory system consists of another body fluid called lymph. It is also known as tissue fluid. It is a colorless fluid consisting of salts, proteins, water, etc. which transport and circulates digested food and absorbed fat to intercellular spaces in the tissues.