Question

Describe about the Rutherford's atom model?

Answer 1

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Answer:


With Thompson's model of atom, the $\alpha$ particles would be expected to be only deflected by collisions with the electrons in the atom. On the basis of the result of alpha scattering experiment, Rutherford suggested the atom model:


1). An atom may be regarded as a sphere of diameter $10^{10}$ m but whole of the positive charge and almost the entire mass of the atom is concentrated in a small central core, called nucleus, having a diameter of $10^{-14}$ m.


2). The nucleus is surrounded by the electrons.
In other words, the electrons are spread over the remaining part of the atom, leaves the plenty of empty space in the atom.


3). As the atom is electrically neutral, the total positive charge on the nucleus is equal to the total negative charge of the electrons in the atom.


4). Rutherford pointed out that the electrons inside the atom are not stationary for if they were at rest, they would be pulled into the positive nucleus due to strong electrostaic force of attraction between the nucleus and the electrons.

He assumed that the electrons are resolving around the nucleus in circular orbits. The necessary centripetal force is provided to them by the electrostaic force of attraction between the nucleus and the electrons.



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Answer 2

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