Describe Alpha-particle scattering experiment with its observations and conclusions. Differentiate between Rutherford’s and Bohr’s atomic models with suitable diagrams. write 400-500 words please.
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Answer:
Hey there.
Rutherford passed beams of alpha particles through a thin gold foil to observe the atom and noted how the alpha particles scattered from the foil.
Observations of Rutherford's alpha ray scattering experiment:
1.Most of the α-particles passed straight through the gold foil without any deviation.
2. Some of the α-particles were deflected by the foil by some angles.
3.Interestingly one out of every 12,000 alpha particles appeared to rebound
Conclusion of Rutherford's scattering experiment:
1.Most of the space inside the atom is empty because most of the α-particles passed through the gold foil without getting deflected.
2. Very few particles were deflected from their path, indicating that the positive charge of the atom occupies very little space.
3. A very small fraction of α-particles were deflected by very large angles, indicating that all the positive charge and mass of the gold atom were concentrated in a very small volume within the atom.
Rutherford knew the electrons were outside of the nucleus and they were equal in number to the "positiveness" of the nucleus. Rutherford randomly placed the negative electrons outside the nucleus.
Bohr's improvement of the Rutherford model was that Bohr placed the electrons in distinct energy levels. This Bohr model matched the experimental data that Max Planck had determined from his work on the different energies of photons.
If you will search Rutherford and Bohr models of the atom and narrow your search to images, you will find some of the models.
Hope this helps mate
