describe an experiment to measure friction between two solid surfaces
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The equation for this is:
Fr = fr x N
where
Fr is the resistive force of friction or the amount of force required to overcome frictionfr is the coefficient of friction between the two surfacesN is the normal or perpendicular force pushing the two surfaces together
If the force pushing to surfaces together is gravity, then N equals the weight of the upper object.
Static and kinetic
For a sliding object, the static coefficient of friction results in the force required to start the object moving. Once the object is sliding at a steady rate, the kinetic coefficient of friction results in the force required to keep the object moving at that velocity.
Two surfaces
Note that you must record what the two surfaces are. The coefficient of friction is always for two surfaces. For example, you could find the friction between wood and steel, wood on wood, rubber on wet pavement, and so on.
Method
One way to determine the coefficient of friction between two surfaces is to pull on an object, using a spring scale that is used to measure weight. If you lay an object on another surface and then pull it, you can determine the amount of force required to move the object.
The coefficient is then
fr = Fr / W
where W is the weight of the upper object.
First you pull slowly until the object just starts to move. Record the force and calculate the static coefficient of friction.
Then drag the object along at a steady velocity. Record the force on the scale and calculate the kinetic coefficient of friction.
Fr = fr x N
where
Fr is the resistive force of friction or the amount of force required to overcome frictionfr is the coefficient of friction between the two surfacesN is the normal or perpendicular force pushing the two surfaces together
If the force pushing to surfaces together is gravity, then N equals the weight of the upper object.
Static and kinetic
For a sliding object, the static coefficient of friction results in the force required to start the object moving. Once the object is sliding at a steady rate, the kinetic coefficient of friction results in the force required to keep the object moving at that velocity.
Two surfaces
Note that you must record what the two surfaces are. The coefficient of friction is always for two surfaces. For example, you could find the friction between wood and steel, wood on wood, rubber on wet pavement, and so on.
Method
One way to determine the coefficient of friction between two surfaces is to pull on an object, using a spring scale that is used to measure weight. If you lay an object on another surface and then pull it, you can determine the amount of force required to move the object.
The coefficient is then
fr = Fr / W
where W is the weight of the upper object.
First you pull slowly until the object just starts to move. Record the force and calculate the static coefficient of friction.
Then drag the object along at a steady velocity. Record the force on the scale and calculate the kinetic coefficient of friction.
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