Question

Describe any 3 features of civil disobedience movement.

Answer 1

The three features of the Civil Disobedience Movement of 1930 were : (i) The first feature was that the Civil Disobedience Movement was different from the NonCooperation Movement of 1921-22. People were asked by Gandhiji not only to refuse cooperation but to break colonial laws. Thousands in the country broke the salt law, manufactured salt and demonstrated in front of government salt factories. Peasants refused to pay revenue taxes, village officials resigned and many forest people violated forest laws. (ii) The second feature was that different social groups joined the movement for different reasons. The peasant communities in the countryside thought it was a fight against high revenues charged by the government. The poorer peasantry joined it in the hope that their unpaid rent would be remitted. The business class joined it as they wanted protection against import of goods and to expand their own industries. (iii) Another important feature was the large-scale participation of women in the movement. Thousands of women participated in the protest marches, manufactured salt, and picketed foreign cloth and liquor shops. Many went to jail. Women, moved by Gandhiji’s call, began to see service to the nation as the sacred duty of women

Answer 2

FEATURES OF THE MOVEMENT

⇒ Gandhiji violated the Salt Laws on 6 th April , at Dandi . He selected to attack the Salt Laws particularly because it affected all sections of the society.

⇒ The Movement was characterized by non-payment of taxes and revenues .

⇒ The people were asked to refuse to pay the rural chaukidari tax in Eastern India .

⇒ Everywhere in the country , there were demonstrations , hartals and campaigns to boycott foreign goods .

⇒Boycott of British goods and picketing of liquor shops were a part of the programme .

⇒  It resulted in mass strikes and setting up of parallel Governments.

⇒ The movement reached all over the country and even stirred the brave Pathans.

⇒ Non-violence and non-cooperation were the main features of the Movement.

⇒ Ideas of Satyagraha and Swadeshi were spread all over the country.

⇒Forest laws were violated in Maharashtra and Karnataka .

⇒ The movement spread rapidly and played a major role in the Freedom Struggle !

⇒The Government took several repressive measures to crush the Movement :

O The Congress was declared illegal

O The Government started lathi charges against protest .

O The demonstrations were fired upon .

O This led to the Gandhi - Irwin Pact in March 1931.

MORE INFO

⇒ The Indian National Congress ( INC ) started the Civil Disobedience Movement in February 1930 at Sabarmati Ashram .

⇒ Mahatma Gandhi was one of the leaders of this Movement .

⇒ Before starting the movement , Gandhiji served an Eleven Point Ultimatum on the British Government .

⇒ When the Government ignored them , Gandhiji started the Movement .