describe any six factors which affect climate of a place?
Answers
The six factors that affect (influence) the temperature are: (1) elevation (altitude), (2) latitude, (3) proximity of large bodies of water, (4) ocean currents, (5) proximity of mountain ranges (topography), (6) prevailing and seasonal winds.
1. Latitude - places located near the equator are hotter as they receive the vertical rays of the sun. eg-Singapore whereas places located far from the equator are colder as they receive the slanting rays of the sun. eg-london
2. Altitude -
places located on high altitudes are Cooler Than places located on the plains example Shimla is Cooler Than Ludhiana. This is due to the fact that atmosphere gets heated by Terrestrial radiation rather than directly by the sun. Hence, the temperature decreases with increasing altitude.The lower layers of atmosphere are denser and have dust particles ,water vapour which absorbs the heat temperature decreases at the rate of 1 Degree Celsius for 165 M of accent.
3.Distance from the sea- places which are located on the coast have a moderate climate as they are affected by land and sea breezes .They are neither too hot not to cold. example -Mumbai .Places which are away from the Sea influence like delhi, Bhopal have an extreme climate they are too hot in summers and too cold in winters.
4. Ocean currents -winds blowing over warm currents pick up more moisture cause heavy rainfall example Western Europe is influenced by the warmed North Atlantic drift and the South westerly pick up the moisture which cause heavy rainfall. On the other hand where land areas are affected by the cold currents they experiences less rainfall as the winds blowing above them carry less moisture.
5. Relief - it plays a major role in determining the climate of a place. High mountains act as barriers for cold or hot winds .Direction of mountains if the winds blow parallel to the mountain range then there will be no rainfall example Aravali. If the winds are obstructed by the mountains the windward side of the Mountain receives heavy rainfall example Western Ghats.
6.Pressure and winds-the places where the pressure and winds are onshore receive more rainfall than places which are affected by Offshore winds.