Describe any three major problems faced by Indian cotton weavers in 19th and 18th century
Answers
In the 18th and 19th century, Indian weavers faced the following problems-
1. Tough competition from cheap mill made cloth from Manchester. The weavers in Manchester demanded levying of heavy custom duties and died on Indian cloth imports to protect their own interests. Also they started exporting cloth to India and other colonies.
2. Loss of choice in trade market. Earlier weavers in the Indian market were free to choose from local, french, Portuguese and English merchants on the basis of the best bargain. The letters which people from the east India company sent to their viceroys in England often complained of the high rates of Indian cloth. However when they gained some power, Englishmen took over the monopoly rights for trade and appointed gomasthas for this job. Gomasthas often exploited and mistreated weavers.
3. When the war broke out, all the supplies of raw cotton were taken by the British. Thus the prices of raw cotton shot up, and weavers found it even more difficult to compete with the cheap mill made cloth.
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Answer:
The problem faced by Indian cotton weavers continued. They were as follows:
i. Their export market collapsed due to increase in import duties on them in England .
ii. Their local market shrank as they were flooded with cheap Manchester imports .
iii. They could not get sufficient supply of raw cotton of goods quality. When the American civil war broke out and cotton supplies from the U.S. were cut off, Britain turned to India. Indian weavers were forced to buy cotton at a very high price.
Explanation: