Question

Describe Bohr's Model of Atom

Answer 1

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Answer 2

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Answer:


In 1913, Bohr suggested a new model for the atom as Rutherford's atom model failed to account for the stability of the atom and the emission of line spectra by the atoms, such as hydrogen. He retained the essential features of Rutherford's atom model but in order to account for the stability of the atom and the line spectra of hydrogen atom, he introduced the concept of stationary orbits.



Postulates of Bohr's atom model:


1). In a hydrogen atom, the negatively charged electron revolves in a circular orbit around the heavy positively charged nucleus. The centripetal force required by the electron is provided by the attractive force exerted by the nucleus on it.



2). The electron can revolve round the nucleus only if those circular orbits in which the angular momentum of an electron is integral multiple of h/2p, where h is Planck constant.
While, revolving in such a orbit, the electron cannot radiates energy. Such orbits are called non - radiating or stationary orbits. Each stationary orbit is associated with a definite amount of energy.


If m and v are mass and velocity of electron in a permitted orbit of radius r given by:

mvr = nh/2π

Where n is called the principal quantum number and it has the integral values of 1,2,3,4......


This equation is also called as the Bohr's quantisation condition.



3). The energy is radiated, when an electron jumps from higher to lower energy orbit and the energy is absorbed, when it jumps from lower to higher energy orbit.





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