Question

Describe briefly materialism and spiritualism

Answer 1

Materialism is a form of philosophical monism which holds that matter is the fundamental substance in nature, and that all things, including mental aspects and consciousness, are results of material interactions. In contrast to idealism, materialism concedes the primary of material, not consciousness.

Spiritualism is a metaphysical belief that the world is made up of at least two fundamental substances, matter and spirit. This very broad metaphysical distinction is further developed into many and various forms by the inclusion of details about what spiritual entities exist such as a soul, the afterlife, spirits of the dead, deities and mediums; as well as details about the nature of the relationship between spirit and matter. It may also refer to the philosophy, doctrine, or religion pertaining to a spiritual aspect of existence.

Answer 2

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here is ur answer

MATERIALISM

Monism : only one substance exists.
For materialism, this substance is matter.Dualism : two substances exists : matter & mind
or spiritualist monism : only mind exists.Man can be known or described by only matter.Man does not consist of only matter.Absence of beliefs in "supernatural", atheism.Beliefs : God, soul, next world, reincarnation, superstitions, supernatural systems of explanation...Man has an illusion of autonomy. He is subjected to determinism or random.Man is autonomous or free.Self-consciousness is an illusion that is generated by the complexity of the organization of matter.Soul is autonomous.Absence of meaning to life. 
Man fixes itself his own finality: humanity, for example.Spiritual finality often of divine origin.Man, as an animal like another, is a part of nature.Man dominates nature.Man is a product of evolution.

SPIRITUALISM

Man does not consist of only matter. two substances exists : matter & mind
or spiritualist monism : only mind existsBeliefs : God, soul, next world, reincarnation, superstitions, supernatural systems of explanation...Man is autonomous or free.Spiritual finality often of divine origin.There are mysteries that the human reason cannot and will never be able to solve.

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