describe briefly the mechanism of organic evolution
Answers
Mechanism of organic evolution is guided by following principles.
Prodigality of production: The ability of an organism to produce more offspring's, more the the offspring's greater is the survival and evolution ability.
Constancy of food and space: The natural availability of food and space is constant for increased population, this leads to struggle of organisms for food and shelter.
Struggle for existence: As the result of constancy in food, space and Prodigality of production leads to struggle between organisms. It is of three types
- Intra-Specific: The struggle between same species.
- Inter-Specific: The between two different species.
- Environmental Struggle: The struggle against physical environment like low temperature(Cold), drought, excessive temperature(Hot) etc.
Variations: To accommodate the new conditions and in response to Struggle for existence Organism undergo variations.
Survival of the fittest: The organism with advantageous variations and adaptations in the struggle of existence have better chance of survivability. Their offspring's inherit these properties.
Natural selection: The selection of fittest organism by nature leading in to speciation over time is called Natural selection.
Mechanism of organic evolution:
- Organic evolution is a process by which the genetic composition of the population changes and form the new generations with the new characteristics of the genes.
- The organic evolutions happen in two ways- 'Natural selection' and 'genetic Drift'.
- There are some fundamental forces are involved in the process of the organic evolutions- 'Natural selections, genetic Drift, Mutations and Gene Flow'. The key point of the evolution is the mutation of the gene.
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