Question

Describe briefly the process of transferring of charge from one plate of a capacitor to another plate

Answer 1

Answer:

Suppose an uncharged capacitor of capacitance  is connected in series with a switch and a battery of emf  . The switch is initially open. Then, the switch is closed at  . Initially, the capacitor acts as a short circuit. The current flows and deposits charge in the capacitor. The plate with the positive terminal of the battery loose electron and the other plate gains electron. Due to this build-up of charges, potential difference across the capacitor build up. When this potential difference is equal to the emf of the battery, the capacitor is said to be fully charged and the capacitor acts like an open switch.

At time t, the capacitor has charge . Let the potential difference across the plates be  given by:

A small charge  is being transferred from one plate to another. The work in this process is given by:

Integrating, we get

Using ,

This work done is stored as energy on the capacitor.

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