Describe Carnot engine and obtain an expression for its efficiency
Answers
Answer:
Here, e is the efficiency of the Carnot cycle. Therefore, the Carnot cycle is a reversible, thermodynamic cycle which has four main processes and its efficiency is e=1−T2T1. Note: In isothermal processes temperature remains constant while in adiabatic processes heat remains constant.
Answer:
A carnot engine is a reversible heat engine operating between two temperatures,
The steps involved in a carnot cycle are explained as follows.
Step 1:
Isothermal expansion of gas from state (P
1
,V
1
,T
1
) to state (P
2
,V
2
,T
2
) as shown in the figure.
Step 2:
Adiabatic expansion of gas from (P
2
,V
2
,T
1
) to (P
3
,V
3
,T
2
)
Step 3:
Isothermal compression of gas from (P
3
,V
3
,T
2
) to (P
4
,V
4
,T
2
)
step 4:
Adiabatic compression of gas from (P
4
,V
4
,T
2
) to (P
1
,V
1
,T
1
)
These steps constitute one carnot cycle.
The process is repeated thereafter.
The efficiency of carnot engine, η is given by
η=
Q
1
Q
1
−Q
2
=
T
1
T
1
−T
2
