Question

Describe contribution of french philosophers infrench revolution

Answer 1

ANSWER

(i) The philosophers played an important role in the French Revolution. They inspired the common mass of France with their revolutionary ideas and prepared them to fight against injustices.

(ii) They did not believe in the doctrine of the divine and absolute right of the monarch. In his Two Treatises of Government John Locke refuted this doctrine strongly.

(iii) Rousseau carried the idea forward proposing a form of government based on a social contract between people and their representatives.

(iv) In The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu proposed a division of power within the government between the legislative, the executive and the judiciary.

(v) The ideas of these philosophers were discussed intensively in salons and coffee-houses and spread among people through books and newspapers. These were frequently read aloud in groups for the benefit of those who were illiterate. Thus, the philosophers contributed a lot in bringing of the French Revolution.

Answer 2

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• During 18 th century , France had many revolutionary thinkers. Among them were Voltaire , Rousseau , Montesquieu and Dederot . Their revolutionary ideas helped the people to fight for their rights . (2) They exposed the inefficiency of the monarch and and his government.