Question

Describe different types of a computer memory with example

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

Memory is the most essential element of a computing system because without it computer can’t perform simple tasks. Computer memory is of two basic types – Primary memory(RAM and ROM) and Secondary memory (hard drive, CD, etc). Random Access Memory (RAM) is primary-volatile memory and Read Only Memory (ROM) is primary-non-volatile memory. 

 

 Random Access Memory (RAM) – 

 

It is also called read-write memory or the main memory or the primary memory.The programs and data that the CPU requires during the execution of a program are stored in this memory.It is a volatile memory as the data lost when the power is turned off.RAM is further classified into two types- SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) and DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory).

 

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2. Read Only Memory (ROM) – 

 

Stores crucial information essential to operate the system, like the program essential to boot the computer.It is not volatile.Always retains its data.Used in embedded systems or where the programming needs no change.Used in calculators and peripheral devices.ROM is further classified into 4 types- MROM, PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM. 

 

Types of Read Only Memory (ROM) – 

 

PROM (Programmable read-only memory) – It can be programmed by the user. Once programmed, the data and instructions in it cannot be changed. 

 EPROM (Erasable Programmable read only memory) – It can be reprogrammed. To erase data from it, expose it to ultraviolet light. To reprogram it, erase all the previous data. 

 EEPROM (Electrically erasable programmable read only memory) – The data can be erased by applying an electric field, with no need for ultraviolet light. We can erase only portions of the chip. MROM(Marked ROM) – The very first ROMs were hard-wired devices that contained a pre-programmed set of data or instructions. These kind of ROMs are known as masked ROMs, which are inexpensive.