Question

Describe different types of unemployment found in India.  
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Answer 1

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• Disguised Unemployment. A situation in which more persons are employed on a job than are optimally required.
• Structural Unemployment Unemployment caused by the fact that the economy fails to generate enough jobs.

Answer 2

Answer:

Types of Unemployment in India

Disguised Unemployment:

It is a phenomenon wherein more people are employed than actually needed.

It is primarily traced in the agricultural and the unorganised sectors of India.

Seasonal Unemployment:

It is an unemployment that occurs during certain seasons of the year.

Agricultural labourers in India rarely have work throughout the year.

Structural Unemployment:

It is a category of unemployment arising from the mismatch between the jobs available in the market and the skills of the available workers in the market.

Many people in India do not get job due to lack of requisite skills and due to poor education level, it becomes difficult to train them.

Cyclical Unemployment:

It is result of the business cycle, where unemployment rises during recessions and declines with economic growth.

Cyclical unemployment figures in India are negligible. It is a phenomenon that is mostly found in capitalist economies.

Technological Unemployment:

It is loss of jobs due to changes in technology.

In 2016, World Bank data predicted that the proportion of jobs threatened by automation in India is 69% year-on-year.

Frictional Unemployment:

The Frictional Unemployment also called as Search Unemployment, refers to the time lag between the jobs when an individual is searching for a new job or is switching between the jobs.

In other words, an employee requires time for searching a new job or shifting from the existing to a new job, this inevitable time delay causes the frictional unemployment. It is often considered as a voluntary unemployment because it is not caused due to the shortage of job, but in fact, the workers themselves quit their jobs in search of better opportunities.

Vulnerable Employment:

This means, people working informally, without proper job contracts and thus sans any legal protection. These persons are deemed ‘unemployed’ since records of their work are never maintained.

It is one of the main types of unemployment in India