describe distribution of wildlife in world
Answers
Answer:
Animals can be divided on the basis of an ecological criterion (i.e. in relation to the environments in which they live) into marine, freshwater and terrestrial organisms. In between the first two there should be the organisms that live in brackish waters, waters of passage between salty waters and freshwaters.
Animals are not uniformly distributed on land and in freshwater. They are restricted to certain places by several factors such as climate, food, shelter, flora and fauna etc. Generally distribution can be classified into three categories, namely, Continuous, Discontinuous and Bipolar distribution.
1. Continuous distribution. Eurytopic or wide-ranging animals are adapted to a wide variety of enviromentconditions and are not specific to any particular type of food or may have special power to cross barriers either by flight, rafting or swimming and adapt to new environmental conditions. Wide ranging animals include rats, bats, hawks, cuckoos, cockroaches, flies, mosquitoes, lizards, snakes and man. Many of the eurytopic animals have continuous distribution because they are companions of man and have travelled to long distances with him.
2. Discontinuous distribution. When continuity of distribution of a species is broken by uninhabited areas which are sometimes very large stretches of oceans. There are primarily four reasons why animals are distributed in widely separated areas.
1. Animals reach distant areas by sweepstake routes, as insects, snails and rats by rafting, turtles by floating and swimming and birds blown by storms.
2. The species was earlier distributed continuously but the land masses in the intermediate areas submerged, breaking the species into widely separated populations.
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