Describe full story of discovery of neutrons.
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⏩In 1932 physicist James Chadwick at the University of Liverpool performed a series of experiments showing that the gamma ray hypothesis was untenable.
⏩He suggested that the new radiation consisted of uncharged particles of approximately the mass of the proton, and he performed a series of experiments verifying his suggestion.
⏩These uncharged particles were called neutrons, apparently from the Latin root for neutral and the Greek ending -on (by imitation of electron and proton).
⏩The discovery of the neutron explained a puzzle involving the spin of the nitrogen-14 nucleus, which had been experimentally measured to be 1 basic unit of angular momentum.
⏩It was known that atomic nuclei usually had about half as many positive charges as if they were composed completely of protons, and in existing models this was often explained by proposing that nuclei also contained some "nuclear electrons" to neutralize the excess charge.
___________________________
⏩In 1932 physicist James Chadwick at the University of Liverpool performed a series of experiments showing that the gamma ray hypothesis was untenable.
⏩He suggested that the new radiation consisted of uncharged particles of approximately the mass of the proton, and he performed a series of experiments verifying his suggestion.
⏩These uncharged particles were called neutrons, apparently from the Latin root for neutral and the Greek ending -on (by imitation of electron and proton).
⏩The discovery of the neutron explained a puzzle involving the spin of the nitrogen-14 nucleus, which had been experimentally measured to be 1 basic unit of angular momentum.
⏩It was known that atomic nuclei usually had about half as many positive charges as if they were composed completely of protons, and in existing models this was often explained by proposing that nuclei also contained some "nuclear electrons" to neutralize the excess charge.
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In 1932, James Chadwick bombarded beryllium (Be) with alpha particles. He allowed the radiation emitted by beryllium to incident on a paraffin wax. It was found that protons were shot out form the paraffin wax. He showed that all the observations could be explained if the radiation consisted of neutral particles of mass approximately equal to that of proton. This neutral particle was named neutron.
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