Describe H2O2 (I want full explanation 'formation, uses,and all)
Answers
Preparation of Hydrogen Peroxide:-
Let us have a look at the various methods of preparation for hydrogen peroxide.
Laboratory Methods of Preparation
When barium peroxide is acidified and the excess water is removed by the process of evaporation under reduced pressure, we obtain hydrogen peroxide. The following reaction will clarify this:
BaO2.8H2O(s) + H2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + H2O2(aq) + 8H2O(l)
Industrial Method of Preparation
Hydrogen peroxide is prepared by the electrolysis of 30% ice-cold H2SO4. When acidified sulfate solution is electrolyzed at high current density, peroxodisulphate is obtained. Peroxodisulphate is then hydrolyzed to get hydrogen peroxide.
2HSO–4(aq) [Electrolysis] → HO3SOOSO3H(aq) [Hydrolysis] → 2HSO–4(aq)+2H+(aq)+H2O2(aq)
Reaction Mechanism
Electrolyte: 30% dilute H2SO4
Cathode: Pb wire
Anode: Pt rod
2H2SO4 → 2H+ + 2HSO–4
At Cathode: 2H+ + 2e– → H2
At Anode:
2HSO–4 → H2S2O8 + 2e– ⇒ Peroxodi Sulphuric Acid [Marshall’s acid]
H2S2O8 + H2O → H2SO5 + H2SO4 ⇒ Peroxomono Sulphuric Acid [Caro’s acid]
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Physical Properties:
In the pure state, hydrogen peroxide is almost colorless (very pale blue) liquid.
It melts at 272.4 K and has a boiling point of 423 K (extrapolated).
It is miscible in water in all proportions and forms hydrates.
H2SO5 + H2O → H2SO4 + H2O2
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Uses of Hydrogen Peroxide
#Hydrogen peroxide is used as an antiseptic.
#It is used in the preservation of wine and milk.
#our white blood cells produce hydrogen peroxide to kill bacteria.
#It is used to clean stains from sensitive fabrics and clothes.
#Soaking feet in water mixed with H2O2 for 15 min every day for a week will help to get rid of fungus
#Plant growth can be sustained by sprinkling mixture of hydrogen peroxide and water in equal amounts
#The textile and paper industry use it as a bleaching agent.
#It is used for the synthesis of tartaric acid, food products, and many pharmaceuticals.
#It is used in the manufacture of chemicals which in turn are used in making of high-quality detergents.
#The most significant use of H2O2 is in environmental chemistry where it is used in pollution control treatment of domestic waste and industrial effluents.
#Highly concentrated Hydrogen Peroxide is used as rocket propellant.
hiii ayush
Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula H
2O
2. In its pure form, it is a very pale blue,[5] clear liquid, slightly more viscous than water. Hydrogen peroxide is the simplest peroxide (a compound with an oxygen–oxygen single bond). It is used as an oxidizer, bleaching agent, and antiseptic. Concentrated hydrogen peroxide, or "high-test peroxide", is a reactive oxygen species and has been used as a propellant in rocketry.[6] Its chemistry is dominated by the nature of its unstable peroxide bond.
Hydrogen peroxide
Structural formula of hydrogen peroxide
space filling model of the hydrogen peroxide molecule
Names
IUPAC name
Hydrogen peroxide
Other names
Dioxidane
Oxidanyl
Perhydroxic acid
0-hydroxyol
Dihydrogen dioxide
Oxygenated water
Peroxaan
Identifiers
CAS Number
7722-84-1 ☑
3D model (JSmol)
Interactive image
ChEBI
CHEBI:16240 ☑
ChEMBL
ChEMBL71595 ☑
ChemSpider
763 ☑
ECHA InfoCard
100.028.878
EC Number
231-765-0
IUPHAR/BPS
2448
KEGG
D00008 ☑
PubChem CID
784
RTECS number
MX0900000 (>90% soln.)
MX0887000 (>30% soln.)
UNII
BBX060AN9V ☑
UN number
2015 (>60% soln.)
2014 (20–60% soln.)
2984 (8–20% soln.)
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
DTXSID2020715 Edit this at Wikidata
InChI
InChI=1S/H2O2/c1-2/h1-2H ☑
Key: MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ☑
InChI=1/H2O2/c1-2/h1-2H
Key: MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYAL
SMILES
OO
Properties
Chemical formula
H2O2
Molar mass
34.0147 g/mol
Appearance
Very light blue color; colorless in solution
Odor
slightly sharp
Density
1.11 g/cm3 (20 °C, 30% (w/w) solution )[1]
1.450 g/cm3 (20 °C, pure)
Melting point
−0.43 °C (31.23 °F; 272.72 K)
Boiling point
150.2 °C (302.4 °F; 423.3 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water
Miscible
Solubility
soluble in ether, alcohol
insoluble in petroleum ether
log P
-0.43[2]
Vapor pressure
5 mmHg (30 °C)[3]
Acidity (pKa)
11.75
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)
−17.7·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)
1.4061
Viscosity
1.245 cP (20 °C)
Dipole moment
2.26 D
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)
1.267 J/(g·K) (gas)
2.619 J/(g·K) (liquid)
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298)
−187.80 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code
A01AB02 (WHO) D08AX01 (WHO), D11AX25 (WHO), S02AA06 (WHO)
Hazards
Safety data sheet
ICSC 0164 (>60% soln.)
GHS pictograms
GHS03: OxidizingGHS05: CorrosiveGHS07: Harmful
GHS Signal word
Danger
GHS hazard statements
H271, H302, H314, H332, H335, H412
GHS precautionary statements
P280, P305+351+338, P310
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamond
033OX
Flash point
Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)
1518 mg/kg[citation needed]
2000 mg/kg (oral, mouse)[4]
LC50 (median concentration)
1418 ppm (rat, 4 hr)[4]
LCLo (lowest published)
227 ppm (mouse)[4]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 1 ppm (1.4 mg/m3)[3]
REL (Recommended)
TWA 1 ppm (1.4 mg/m3)[3]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
75 ppm[3]
Related compounds
Related compounds
Water
Ozone
Hydrazine
Hydrogen disulfide
Dioxygen difluoride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references
Hydrogen peroxide is unstable and slowly decomposes in the presence of light. Because of its instability, hydrogen peroxide is typically stored with a stabilizer in a weakly acidic solution. Hydrogen peroxide is found in biological systems including the human body. Enzymes that use or decompose hydrogen peroxide are classified as peroxidases.