Question

Describe Harappan civilization high degree of civic sense, excellent craftsmanship, religious beliefs, trade and script

Answer 1

Answer:

One of the earliest known civilizations, was discovered from the archaeological remains on Harappa, West Punjab, Pakistan and hence it is called as the Harappan Civilization. It is also known as the Indus Valley civilization as the river Indus was the primary source of water for this civilization.

This era, from around 3000 BCE was the most significant time of the Indian subcontinent and was called as the Bronze Age.

Explanation:

Let’s illustrate some of salient features which had made this era of archaeological discovery so remarkable:  

• High Degree of Civic Sense: The rich remains of Harappan civilization found by the archaeologists clearly shows the manifestation of towns and cities, fortification, gates, streets, drainage networks, houses and buildings, water reservoirs, surely gives us a high degree of urbanization sense, in the fertile lands of Indus river.  

• Craftsmanship: The Harappans excellence and diversity in various craft production could be seen from their usage of various raw materials and converting them into productive items like sculptures, tools, seals, household utensils, ceramic, beads, bangles, pottery etc. Citizens of Harappa were the pioneers in developing uniform weights and advanced measurements.  

• Religion: Regarding the religious beliefs of Harappans, it was highly suggested that they worshiped a Mother Goddess depicting fertility. Also, a few of the Harappan seals showed swastika signs which were included later in some Indian religions like Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism.  

• Trade: The Harappan civilization appeared to have significantly depended on trading, which was carried out by advanced transportation. They traded raw materials like terracotta, gold, silver, lead, copper, cedar wood etc., which were then used for various craft production.  

• Scripts: A collection of pictographic scripts on clay and stone tablets suggested that the Harappans followed the Indus Script which seemed to be a language consisting of symbols. There are some speculations about whether it was a complete language or a collection multiple language.