describe how ,curd is made from milk.
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Curds are a dairy product produced by bacterial fermentation of milk. Bacteria that is used for this purpose is Lactobacillus. This is a kind of bacteria which can convert a sugar into an acid by means of fermentation. Milk contains a sugar called lactose, when milk is heated to a temperature of 30-40 °C and a small amount of old curd added to it, the lactobacillus in that curd sample starts to grow and convert the lactose into lactic acid, which imparts the sour taste to curd.
The coagulation can be caused by adding any edible acidic substance such as lemon juice or vinegar, and then allowing it to sit. The increased acidity causes the milk proteins (casein) to tangle into solid masses, or curds. However the quality of curd produced by lemon juice or vinegar is not good.
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When lime juice or vinegar is added to milk and kept over night , it turns to a soft , semi-solid mass of milk called curd.
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