Question

describe how digestion of carbohydrates and proteins takes place in our body ​

Answer 1

Key Points

Carbohydrates are mainly taken in the form of amylose and glycogen. Amylases hydrolyze the long carbohydrate chains that break amylose down into disaccharides, and glycogen into polysaccharides. The enzymes in the small intestine then break these down to monosaccharides.

Proteins are digested by hydrolysis of the carbon–nitrogen (C–N) bond. Peptidases are secreted in an inactive form, to prevent auto-digestion. Endopeptidases cleave the polypeptides at the interior peptide bonds, and the exopeptidases cleave the terminal amino acids.

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Answer 2

Digestion of Carbohydrates:

》Carbohydrates in the form of starch is first hydrolysed by salivary amylase into a disaccharide - Maltose. It occurs in mouth.

》Later, polysaccharides are degraded into Disaccharides by an enzyme released by pancreatic juice in the intestine.

》The intestinal juice contains maltase, Lactase, Sucrase. This converts maltose into Glucose , lactose into glucose and galactose , sucrose into glucose and fructose.

This is how Carbohydrates are digested.

Digestion of Proteins :

》In stomach, pepsin converts proteins into proteoses and peptones.

》In intestine, enzymes released by pancreatic juice - Trypsin, Chemotrypsin and Carboxypeptidase acts upon proteins, proteoses and peptones and converts them into Dipeptides.

》Intestinal Juice secretes dipeptidases which then converts dipeptides into Amino Acids.

This is how proteins are digested.