Question

describe in detail homologous and analogous organ in animals.​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Homologous are those which have structure but different functions and analogous are those which have different structures but same function

Answer 2

Answer:

Homology in Animals

Organs such as bat's wing, wings of birds, seal’s flipper, forelimb of a horse, and human arm have a common underlying anatomy that was present in their last common ancestors; therefore their forelimbs are homologous organs.

We can observe that though the shape and the size of the bones are not similar, there is a similarity in their structure that is, they have the same set of bones - humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges.

Man uses his hands to grasp and perform tasks, whales use their flippers for swimming, bats and birds use their wings for flight and horses use their forelimbs for running.

Frogs, birds, rabbits and lizards all have differently shaped forelimbs, reflecting their different lifestyles. But those different forelimbs all share the same set of homologous bones: the humerus, radius, and ulna. Such homologies reveal the common ancestry of all these animals.

Analogy in Animals

Analogous organs are the opposite of homologous organs, which have similar functions but different origins. An example of an analogous trait would be the wings of insects, bats and birds that evolved independently in each lineage separately after diverging from an ancestor without wings. The wings of insects originate from the inner or outer surface of the insect’s body. Feathers of birds originate from their forelimbs, and the wings of bats originate from both the fore limb and the membranous skin of the abdomen.

Another example of analogous animals is sugar gliders and flying squirrels. These two animals can glide in air using their gliding wings. Both species are different from each other in many ways. Flying squirrel are placental mammals, where as sugar gliders are marsupial mammals like kangaroos. To adapt a common function, the flying squirrel and sugar glider evolved similar gliding wings.

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