Describe in detail the N-F bond in terms of the relevant electronegativities and polarities?
Answers
The electron pairs shared between two atoms are not necessarily shared equally. For example, while the bonding electron pair is shared equally in the covalent bond in Cl2 , in NaCl the 3s electron is stripped from the Na atom and is incorporated into the electronic structure of the Cl atom - and the compound is most accurately described as consisting of individual Na+ and Cl− ions (ionic bonding). For most covalent substances, their bond character falls between these two extremes. As demonstrated below, the bond polarity is a useful concept for describing the sharing of electrons between atoms within a covalent bond:
A nonpolar covalent bond is one in which the electrons are shared equally between two atoms.
A polar covalent bond is one in which one atom has a greater attraction for the electrons than the other atom. If this relative attraction is great enough, then the bond is an ionic bond.
The elements with the highest ionization energies are generally those with the most negative electron affinities, which are located toward the upper right corner of the periodic table. Conversely, the elements with the lowest ionization energies are generally those with the least negative electron affinities and are located in the lower left corner of the periodic table.
Because the tendency of an element to gain or lose electrons is so important in determining its chemistry, various methods have been developed to quantitatively describe this tendency. The most important method uses a measurement called electronegativity.