Question

describe JJ Thomson discharge tube experiment and discovery of cathode ray and electrons

Answer 1

In 1897, British physicist J. J.Thomson showed that cathode rayswere composed of a previously unknown negatively charged particle, which was later named the electron.Cathode ray tubes (CRTs) use a focused beam of electrons deflected by electric or magnetic fields to create the image on a television screen.



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Answer 2

Electron was discovered by J. J. Thomson in 1897 when he was studying the properties of cathode ray.
J. J. Thomson won Nobel Prize in 1906 for discovering the elementary particle electron. Interestingly, his son G. P. Thomson also won the Nobel Prize in 1937 for proving the wavelike properties of electron.
What is cathode ray?

J. J. Thomson constructed a glass tube which was partially evacuated i.e. much of the air was pumped out of the tube. Then he applied a high electrical voltage between two electrodes at either end of the tube. He detected that a stream of particle (ray) was coming out from the negatively charged electrode (cathode) to positively charged electrode (anode). This ray is called cathode ray and the whole construction is called cathode ray tube.
Properties of cathode ray particle

1.  They travel in straight lines.

2. They are independent of the material composition of the cathode.

3. Applying electric field in the path of cathode ray deflects the ray towards positively charged plate. Hence cathode ray consists of negatively charged particles.