Question

Describe major components of telephone network for data transmission

Answer 1

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The telephone network began in the late 1800s which was referred to as plain old telephone system (POTS). It was orignally analog, but with the advancement in computer technology the network started to carry data as well as voice in 1980's. It is now both digital and analog.


Major Components


The telephone network is made of three major components - the local loops, the trunks and the switching office.


The local loop connects the subscriber to the nearest end office (or local central office) through a twisted-pair cable. It has a bandwidth of 4000Hz.


The trunk is a transmission media that connects switching offices. It handles a lot of connections through multiplexing. these are usually optical fibers or satellite links.


The switching office establishes a connection between two subscribers. The connection between two subscribers is not permanent and will only be made upon request. Connections are limited by the total bandwidth of a transmission media therefore having permanent idle lines would limit the services of the network

Signals

Voice communication used analog signals in the past, but is now moving to digital signals. On the other hand, dialing started with digital signals (rotary) and is now moving to analog signals (touch-tome).