Describe micropropagation in detail
Answers
Micropropagation is the practice of rapidly multiplying stock plant material to produce a large number of progeny plants, using modern plant tissue culture methods. Micropropagation is used to multiply plants such as those that have been genetically modified or bred through conventional plant breeding methods.
Micropropagation is a plant tissue culture technique used for production of plantlets, in which the culture of aseptic small sections of tissues and organs in vessels with defined culture medium and under controlled environmental conditions.
The process of micropropagation involves 5 distinct stages •
Stage-0: Identification of elite mother plants/parental material. • Stage-I: Selection of suitable explants. • Stage II: Proliferation of shoots from the explant on medium. • Stage III: Transfer of shoots to a rooting medium. • Stage IV: Transplantation or hardening.
Step by step explanation :-Stage-0: This stage consists of identification of mother plants which should be healthy and explants suitable for establishment in contamination free cultures.
Step by step explanation :-Stage-0: This stage consists of identification of mother plants which should be healthy and explants suitable for establishment in contamination free cultures. Stage-I: Disease free mother explant is selected for the micro-propagation to reduce contamination of cultures. Explants are: shoot meristem, tip, bud, leaf or stem (internode), root, anther / microspore, ovule and embryo associated seed parts.
Stage II: Effective explants from stage I are sub-cultured on to a fresh medium. Cytokinins are adenine derivatives which are mainly concerned with cell division, modification of apical dominance and shoot differentiation in the tissue culture.
Stage II: Effective explants from stage I are sub-cultured on to a fresh medium. Cytokinins are adenine derivatives which are mainly concerned with cell division, modification of apical dominance and shoot differentiation in the tissue culture. Stage III: Shoots proliferated during stage II are transferred to a rooting medium. Auxins are mainly concern with inducing cell division.
Stage II: Effective explants from stage I are sub-cultured on to a fresh medium. Cytokinins are adenine derivatives which are mainly concerned with cell division, modification of apical dominance and shoot differentiation in the tissue culture. Stage III: Shoots proliferated during stage II are transferred to a rooting medium. Auxins are mainly concern with inducing cell division. Stage IV: Hardening refers to the process of acclimating plants from indoor temperatures to the outdoors.