Question

describe modern periodic table and its characteristics​

Answer 1

Answer:

Modern periodic table is an arrangement of chemical elements based on their atomic numbers, configuration of electron and chemical properties. Modern periodic table is based on the Moseley's periodic law, which states that the properties of  elements in the periodic table are periodic functions of their atomic numbers. The modern periodic table consists of four blocks- s,p,d and f. It consists of 18 vertical columns called as groups and 7 horizontal rows called as periods.

s- Block Elements

• Group 1 (alkali metals) − 1 electron in outermost shell

• Group 2 (alkaline earth metals) − 2 electrons in outermost shell

• Alkali metals form +1 ion and alkaline earth metals form +2 ion.

• Reactivity increases as we move down the group.

• They are never found in pure state in nature. (Reason − they are highly reactive)

p - Block Elements

• Elements belonging to Groups 13 to 18

• Outermost shell contains 3 to 8 electrons respectively.

• Group 18 − noble gases

• Group 17 − halogen

• Group 16 − chalcogens

• Non-metallic character increases from left to right across a period.

d- Block Elements (Transition Elements)

• Elements of group 3 to group 12

• Called transition elements

• Zn, Cd, and Hg do not show properties of transition elements.

• All are metals. They form coloured ions, exhibit variable oxidation states, paramagnetic, and are used as catalysts.

f- Block Elements

• They are called Lanthanoids and Actinoids

• They are called inner-transition elements.

• All are metals.

• Actinoid elements are radioactive.

• Elements after uranium are called Transuranium elements.

Explanation: