Question

Describe nucleocapsid of viruses.

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:Proteins associated with nucleic acid are known as nucleoproteins, and the association of viral capsid proteins with viral nucleic acid is called a nucleocapsid. Nucleocapsid is an unit of vrial structure, consisting of a capsid with the enclosed nucleic acid; it is generally inside the cytoplasm.

Answer 2

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Nucleocapsid Definition

Proteins associated with nucleic acid are known as nucleoproteins, and the association of viral capsid proteins with viral nucleic acid is called a nucleocapsid. Nucleocapsid is an unit of vrial structure, consisting of a capsid with the enclosed nucleic acid; it is generally inside the cytoplasm. Depending on the virus, the nucleocapsid may correspond to a naked core or be surrounded by a membranous envelope.

In 2012, a novel coronavirus was identified as the causative agent of rapidly progressive acute respiratory infection in two men from the Middle East. In these enveloped viruses, the filamentous nucleocapsid is formed by the association of nucleocapsid (N) protein with single-stranded viral RNA (Figure 1). The nucleocapsid protein is a highly immunogenic phosphoprotein also implicated in viral genome replication and in modulating cell signaling pathways.

Nucleocapsid Structure and Function

HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein (NC) is a small basic protein generated by the cleavage of the Gag structural polyprotein precusor by the viral protease during virus assembly in the infected cell. HIV-1 nucleocapsid possesses two copies of a highly conserved CCHC zinc finger (ZnF), flanked by basic residues. HIV-1 nucleocapsid and more generally retroviral nucleocapsid proteins are nucleic acid binding proteins possessing potent nucleic acid condensing and chaperoning activities. HIV-1 nucleocapsid functions in the early and late phases of virus replication. One of the salient feature of the nucleocapsid central globular domain is an hydrophobic plateau which appears to orchestrate the nucleocapsid functions, such as chaperoning the conversion of the genomic RNA into viral DNA by RT during the early phase, and driving the selection and dimerization of the genomic RNA at the initial stage of viral particle assembly. This ensures a bona fide trafficking of early GagNC-genomic RNA complexes to the plasma membrane of the infected cell and ultimately virion formation and budding.

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