Question

Describe - Regulation of respiration.

Answer 1

Respiration in the human body is regulated by the two mechanism

(1).Nervous mechanism

(2).Chemical mechanism

Nervous Mechanism:

It involves respiratory centres. Respiratory centres are present in medulla oblangata,which is responsible for collecting the sensory information related the level of oxygen as well as carbon dioxide present in the blood. and also determines the signals that needed by the respiratory muscles.

respiratory centres are again divided into two groups

(a)Medullar centres: Medullary centres also have two parts first is Inspiratory centres and the Expiratory centres.both the centres are located in medulla oblongata one is in the upper part and another is in the lower part respectively. the inspiratory centre is concerned with the inspiration when the quiet breathing is going on but the expiratory centre is active only during forced breathing.

(b)pontine centres:The pontine centre also have two parts pneumotaxic and Apneustic centre. Both the centres are located in the pons, first in the upper and the second in the lower pons respectively.The pneumotaxic centre controls the activity of respiratory centres.and Apneustic centre acts directly over the inspiratory centres and increases the depth of inspiration.

Chemical mechanism: The operation of chemical mechanism is done through the chemoreceptors.Chemoreceptors are the receptors that responses to the change in the chemical composition of the blood.

Chemoreceptors are again classified in two parts:

(a)Central chemoreceptors: As the name suggests central chemoreceptors are situated in the brain and are very sensitive to the change in hydrogen ion in the blood. and controls the composition of ions in the blood.

(b)Peripheral chemoreceptor's: Peripheral Chemoreceptor's are situated in the peripheral parts of the body They are very sensitive to the reduction oxygen's in the partial pressure



hope it's help you.

Answer 2

The regulation of the respiring process is described below :

1. By Nervous Regulation

In the medulla part of the hind brain, there is a centre named respiratory rhythm centre which causes expiration or inspiration accordingly with the neurons.

Another centre named as pneumotaxic centre helps in regulating the function of centre of respiratory rhythm.

2. By chemical regulation

Aortic and carotid bodies are involved in it.