Question

Describe rutherford atomic model of the atom and discuss on its drawbacks

Answer 1

Explanation:

RUTHERFORD ATOMIC MODEL

He selected a goal foil because he wanted as thin a layer as possible .

• this gold foil was 1000 atoms thick
• only some of the alpha particles got deflected , because the alpha particles was heavier than the protons .

DRAWBACKS

The revolution of the electron in the circular orbit is not stable .

• if any particle revolves in this circular orbit it will undergo acceleration
• during acceleration, charged particles would radiate energy .
• thus the revolving electron would lose energy and fall into the nucleus .

Answer 2

Explanation:

ᴀᴄᴄᴏʀᴅɪɴɢ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴜᴛʜᴇʀғᴏʀᴅ ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴍᴏᴅᴇʟ: ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴏsɪᴛɪᴠᴇʟʏ ᴄʜᴀʀɢᴇᴅ ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ᴍᴏsᴛ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴀss ᴏғ ᴀɴ ᴀᴛᴏᴍ ᴡᴀs ᴄᴏɴᴄᴇɴᴛʀᴀᴛᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴀɴ ᴇxᴛʀᴇᴍᴇʟʏ sᴍᴀʟʟ ᴠᴏʟᴜᴍᴇ. ʜᴇ ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴛʜɪs ʀᴇɢɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀᴛᴏᴍ ᴀs ᴀ ɴᴜᴄʟᴇᴜs. ʀᴜᴛʜᴇʀғᴏʀᴅ ᴍᴏᴅᴇʟ ᴘʀᴏᴘᴏsᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴇɢᴀᴛɪᴠᴇʟʏ ᴄʜᴀʀɢᴇᴅ ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀᴏɴs sᴜʀʀᴏᴜɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴜᴄʟᴇᴜs ᴏғ ᴀɴ ᴀᴛᴏᴍ.

Rutherford's atomic model failed because

• It could not explain the stability of electrons in the orbits.
• The electrons revolving in orbits are accelerating charged particles which will emit electromagnetic radiations which carry energy.
• Due to continuous loss of energy the electron will revolve in a spiral path and finally will fall into nucleus. In this way, electrons can't exist outside the nucleus.