Question

Describe Rutherford's alpha scattering experiment

Answer 1

$\textbf{Answer is in Attachment !}$

Answer 2

note : α - particles or particles are known as alpha particles.

experiment:

1.he selected a gold foil as it is only 1000 atoms thick

2. alpha particles are doubly charged helium particles

3. it was expected that α- particles would be deflected by the sub atomic particles in gold atom.

observation :

1. most of the α- particles passed straight through gold foil

2. some get deflected at small angles  

3. one out of every 12000 particles appeared to rebound

conclusion:

1. most of the spaces inside gold foil is empty, so some gone without deflection.

2. few particles were deflected at small angles indicating positive charge occupies little space

3. the rebounded particles indicated that the positive charge and all mass is concentrated in a place in the atom.

feature:

1. there is a positively charged center called nucleus. Nearly, all the mass of atom resides there.

2. the electrons revolve around the nucleus in definite orbits.

3. size of nucleus is small compared to size of atom.

drawbacks:

the orbital revolution of the electron expected to be stable. particles in orbit undergo acceleration. During acceleration charge particles would radiate energy. thus, the revolving electron lose energy and fall into the nucleus.if this happens, the atom do not exist.