describe Rutherford's model
Answers
In many ways, the Rutherford model of the atom is the classic model of the atom, even though it's no longer considered an accurate representation. Rutherford's model shows that an atom is mostly empty space, with electrons orbiting a fixed, positively charged nucleus in set, predictable paths.
This model of an atom was developed by Ernest Rutherford, a New Zealand native working at the University of Manchester in England in the early 1900s. Rutherford spent most of his academic career researching aspects of radioactivity, and in 1908, won the Nobel Prize for his discoveries related to radioactivity. It was after this that Rutherford began developing his model of the atom.
✒RUTHERFORD'S MODEL:-
• In 1911 , Rutherford and his co-workers Carried out a series of experiments using α (alpha ) - particles .
◼ He bombarded thin foils of metal like gold ,silver etc with beam of fast moving α (alpha ) - particles .The source of α (alpha ) - particles was radioactive substance, placed in a block of lead . Whenever α (alpha ) - particles strikes with foil it was detected with the help of circular zinc sulphide screen and a flash of light is given out.
✒OBSERVATION:−
✔ Most of the α (alpha ) - particles passed through the gold foil without any deflection.
✔ A few α (alpha ) - particles were deflected by small Angles.
✔Since some α (alpha ) - particles are heavy particles these could be deflected back only when they strike some heavier body.
✒CONCLUSION:−
✔Atom consist of a heavy and positively charged particles at centre called nucleus.
✔The atom consists lots of space is vacant.
✔The electrons and nucleus are held together by electrostatic forces of attraction.
✒ LIMITATION:−
✔It can't explain the stability of an atom .
✔It says nothing about the electronic structure of atoms.
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