Describe steps involved in mechanism of nervous coordination
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The nervous system is made up of all the nerve cells in your body. It is through the nervous system that we communicate with the outside world and, at the same time, many mechanisms inside our body are controlled. The nervous system takes in information through our senses, processes the information and triggers reactions, such as making your muscles move or causing you to feel pain. For example, if you touch a hot plate, you reflexively pull back your handand your nerves simultaneously send pain signals to your brain. Metabolic processes are also controlled by the nervous system.
There are many billions of nerve cells, also called neurons, in thenervous system. The brain alone has about 100 billion neurons in it. Each neuron has a cell body and various extensions. The shorter extensions (called dendrites) act like antennae: they receive signals from, for example, other neurons and pass them on to the cell body. The signals are then passed on via a long extension (the axon), which can be up to a meter long.
The nervous system has two parts, called the central nervous systemand the peripheral nervous systemdue to their location in the body. The central nervous system (CNS) includes the nerves in the brain andspinal cord. It is safely contained within the skull and vertebral canalof the spine. All of the other nerves in the body are part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Regardless of where they are in the body, a distinction can also be made between voluntary and involuntary nervous system. The voluntary nervous system (somatic nervous system) controls all the things that we are aware of and can consciously influence, such as moving our arms, legs and other parts of the body.
The involuntary nervous system(vegetative or autonomic nervous system) regulates the processes in the body that we cannot consciously influence. It is constantly active, regulating things such as breathing, heart beat and metabolic processes. It does this by receiving signals from the brainand passing them on to the body. It can also send signals in the other direction – from the body to the brain – providing your brain with information about how full yourbladder is or how quickly your heart is beating, for example. The involuntary nervous system can react quickly to changes, altering processes in the body to adapt. For instance, if your body gets too hot, your involuntary nervous system increases the blood circulation to your skin and makes you sweatmore to cool your body down again.
Both the central and peripheralnervous systems have voluntary and involuntary parts. However, whereas these two parts are closely linked in the central nervous system, they are usually separate in other areas of the body.
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There are many billions of nerve cells, also called neurons, in thenervous system. The brain alone has about 100 billion neurons in it. Each neuron has a cell body and various extensions. The shorter extensions (called dendrites) act like antennae: they receive signals from, for example, other neurons and pass them on to the cell body. The signals are then passed on via a long extension (the axon), which can be up to a meter long.
The nervous system has two parts, called the central nervous systemand the peripheral nervous systemdue to their location in the body. The central nervous system (CNS) includes the nerves in the brain andspinal cord. It is safely contained within the skull and vertebral canalof the spine. All of the other nerves in the body are part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Regardless of where they are in the body, a distinction can also be made between voluntary and involuntary nervous system. The voluntary nervous system (somatic nervous system) controls all the things that we are aware of and can consciously influence, such as moving our arms, legs and other parts of the body.
The involuntary nervous system(vegetative or autonomic nervous system) regulates the processes in the body that we cannot consciously influence. It is constantly active, regulating things such as breathing, heart beat and metabolic processes. It does this by receiving signals from the brainand passing them on to the body. It can also send signals in the other direction – from the body to the brain – providing your brain with information about how full yourbladder is or how quickly your heart is beating, for example. The involuntary nervous system can react quickly to changes, altering processes in the body to adapt. For instance, if your body gets too hot, your involuntary nervous system increases the blood circulation to your skin and makes you sweatmore to cool your body down again.
Both the central and peripheralnervous systems have voluntary and involuntary parts. However, whereas these two parts are closely linked in the central nervous system, they are usually separate in other areas of the body.
hope helps
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